YOU ARE NOW CONNECTED TO THE TOXLINE (1981 FORWARD, NON-ROYALTY) FILE. ==PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND MANGANESE== 2 AUTHOR Calne DB AUTHOR Chu NS AUTHOR Huang CC AUTHOR Lu CS AUTHOR Olanow W TITLE Manganism and idiopathic parkinsonism: similarities and differences [comment] SOURCE Neurology; VOL 44, ISS 9, 1994, P1583-6 (REF: 46) ABSTRACT From the comparison we have made between PD and manganism, we draw the following conclusions: 1. There are similarities between PD and manganism, notably the presence of (a) generalized bradykinesia and (b) widespread rigidity. 2. There are also dissimilarities between PD and manganism, notably the following in manganism: (a) less-frequent resting tremor, (b) more frequent dystonia, (c) a particular propensity to fall backward, (d) failure to achieve a sustained therapeutic response to levodopa, and (e) failure to detect a reduction in fluorodopa uptake by PET. Further studies are likely to yield more discriminants between PD and manganism. For example, PET with raclopride may be useful in early cases of manganism, and MRI may be helpful in patients with advanced manganism. 3 AUTHOR Inoue N TITLE [Extrapyramidal syndrome induced by chemical substances] SOURCE Nippon Rinsho; VOL 51, ISS 11, 1993, P2924-8 (REF: 21) ABSTRACT Extrapyramidal signs are frequently observed in toxic diseases due to environmental and industrial chemical substances. The predominant manifestations are Parkinsonism and less frequently tremor. Parkinsonism has been described among the toxic diseases due to carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide. In these diseases, Parkinsonism used to appear in the recovery stage from coma in the severe cases. This was also true in methyl alcohol poisoning. The extrapyramidal signs are usually symmetrical. Akinesia and rigidity are main features. Tremor is absent or mild. Levodopa and the other antiparkinsonian drugs are not so effective. Brain CT studies have revealed symmetrical low density areas in the globus pallidus and putamen. On the other hand, postural tremor is main neurological findings in the poisonings by inorganic mercury and tetraethyl lead. In general, tremor in the toxic disease is reported to be self-limited. 4 AUTHOR Bleecker ML TITLE Parkinsonism: a clinical marker of exposure to neurotoxins [retracted by Bleecker ML. In: Neutotoxicol Teratol 1990 Nov-Dec;12(6):569] SOURCE Neurotoxicol Teratol 1988 Sep-Oct;105:475-8 ABSTRACT Parkinson must be viewed as a final common pathway resulting from a variety of neuropathological lesions which interfere with the integrity of the nigrostriatal system or its output. Exposure to a wide variety of neurotoxic compounds, namely, carbon monoxide, carbon disulfide, manganese and MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine- ), are associated with parkinsonism that has a varying neuropathology, which will be discussed. 8 AUTHOR Jimenez-Jimenez FJ AUTHOR Molina JA AUTHOR Aguilar MV AUTHOR Arrieta FJ AUTHOR Jorge-Santamaria A AUTHOR Cabrera-Valdivia F AUTHOR Ayuso-Peralta L AUTHOR Rabasa M AUTHOR Vazquez A AUTHOR Garcia-Albea E AUTHOR et al TITLE Serum and urinary manganese levels in patients with Parkinson's disease. SOURCE Acta Neurol Scand; VOL 91, ISS 5, 1995, P317-20 ABSTRACT To elucidate the possible role of manganese in the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD), we compared serum levels of manganese, and 24-h manganese excretion by urine in 29 PD patients and in 27 matched controls. We also measured chromium and cobalt in the same samples. All these values did not differ significantly between the groups, they were not influenced by antiparkinsonian drugs, and they did not correlate with age, age at onset and duration of the PD, scores of the Unified PD Rating Scale or the Hoehn & Yahr staging in the PD group. These results might suggest that serum levels and urinary excretion of manganese are apparently unrelated to the risk of developing PD.