YOU ARE NOW CONNECTED TO THE TOXLINE (1981 FORWARD, NON-ROYALTY) FILE. ==BRIGHTNESS, LIGHT AND GLARE== 27 AUTHOR Sliney DH TITLE Eye protective techniques for bright light. SOURCE Ophthalmology; VOL 90, ISS 8, 1983, P937-44 ABSTRACT There are two principal methods to protect the retina from light damage: filtration, and brightness reduction. Since short-wavelength light and ultraviolet radiation are the most hazardous, filters that strongly attenuate wavelengths less than 500 nm can be quite effective. As infrared radiation may enhance photochemical light damage of the retina, filtration of infrared radiation is also desirable. Finally, since the eye must focus incident light on the retina, the brightness (radiance) of a source plays an important role in determining the degree of hazard of a light source. Diffusing the light source can greatly reduce the risk of injury. 8 AUTHOR Kirienko AE AUTHOR Kozlov VV TITLE [The effect of reflected glare on overall and visual work capacity in visually stressed work] SOURCE Vrach Delo, ISS 10, 1992, P62-6 ABSTRACT It was established that used in some working placed light may create reflected lustricity that worsens discrimination of objects. This in its turn worsens general and visual working capacity. 10 AUTHOR Namiki M AUTHOR Tagami Y TITLE Measurement of glare disability using an automated perimeter. SOURCE J Cataract Refract Surg; VOL 18, ISS 4, 1992, P391-4 ABSTRACT We have developed a new system to measure glare disability spatially and quantitatively using an Octopus 500E automated perimeter with an attached glare source. We describe the method used for measuring glare disability with this system and the results in cataracts and pseudophakia with and without various postoperative complications. 15 AUTHOR Applegate RA AUTHOR Wolf M TITLE Disability glare increased by hydrogel lens wear. SOURCE Am J Optom Physiol Opt; VOL 64, ISS 5, 1987, P309-12 ABSTRACT Decreased tolerance to glare is a common complaint in hydrogel contact lens wearers; yet, to our knowledge, the effect has never been quantified. By measuring increment thresholds as a function of background luminance and glare source location in two experimental conditions, while wearing a hydrogel contact lens correction and while wearing the spherical equivalent of their contact lens correction in a trial frame, we were able to quantify a significant contact lens-induced increase in glare-related visual disability. The effect is maximal at low background luminance levels, increases as the angle between the glare source and target decreases, and becomes lost in noise at high background luminance levels. 18 AUTHOR Abrahamsson M AUTHOR Sjostrand J TITLE Impairment of contrast sensitivity function (CSF) as a measure of disability glare. SOURCE Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci; VOL 27, ISS 7, 1986, P1131-6 ABSTRACT A method for quantitative measurements of disability glare in clinical practice is presented. Glare is induced by a circular fluorescent tube which surrounds a sinusoidal grating displayed on a monitor. The threshold contrast that is needed for detection of the grating is measured with and without presence of the glare light. This is repeated for several different spatial frequencies. The discrepancy between the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) obtained with and without glare light was used to calculate the glare score (n) as a measure of disability glare. This was done for normals and cataract patients. The results show that an increasing glare score is related to an increase in turbidity of the optic media, while visual acuity had a weak correlation to the glare score. We also studied the relation glare score versus luminance and found that normals had a glare score that was almost independent of luminance level, while the cataract patients had a marked decrease in glare sensitivity when the luminance decreased. Most patients had a glare score that corresponded to their glare problems. These findings indicate a potential for using this psychophysical disability glare test method in industry, transport, and clinical ophthalmology. Some sources of methodological error inherent in the test method are evaluated and discussed. 21 AUTHOR Prasad A AUTHOR Asbell PA AUTHOR Senie RT TITLE Evaluation of glare in normal and pseudophakic subjects. SOURCE Ann Ophthalmol; VOL 23, ISS 7, 1991, P268-72 ABSTRACT It has been difficult to document the subjective complaint of glare. Devices to quantify this problem include the Miller-Nadler glare tester (MNGT) and the brightness acuity tester (BAT). We used these devices to evaluate a group of pseudophakic subjects (15 eyes with posterior-chamber intraocular lenses) and a group of normal subjects (32 low myopic eyes). A subject's ability to discern contrast with a background glare source is measured as a percentage with the MNGT. The number of lines lost on the Snellen chart as a light is brightened progressively over the line of vision is the BAT score. A Wilcoxon signed-ranks test showed no significant change without correction (SC) to with correction (CC) with the BAT but was significant at P less than .001 with the MNGT. The BAT scores for the normal group CC (mean, 0.59) compared with the intraocular lens group CC (mean, 3.0) with the Mann-Whitney U test showed a statistically significant difference (P less than .001). There also was a difference with the MNGT between normal group CC (mean, 5.1%) and pseudophakic group CC (mean, 8.9%) at P less than .001). These results suggest that pseudophakic subjects have marked visual dysfunction secondary to glare. The BAT, however, showed a more easily quantifiable change unaffected by spectacle correction.